About us
"Wisdom and Woe" is a philosophy and literature discussion group dedicated to exploring the world, work, life, and times of Herman Melville and the 19th century Romantic movement. We will read and discuss topics related to:
- Works of Herman Melville: Moby-Dick, Clarel, Bartleby the Scrivener, Billy Budd, The Confidence-Man, Mardi, reviews, correspondence, etc.
- Themes and affinities: whales, cannibals, shipwrecks, theodicy, narcissism, exile, freedom, slavery, redemption, democracy, law, orientalism, Zoroastrianism, Gnosticism, psychology, mythology, etc.
- Influences and sources: the Bible, Shakespeare, Hawthorne, Milton, Cervantes, Dante, Emerson, Kant, Plato, Romanticism, Stoicism, etc.
- Legacy and impact: adaptations, derivations, artworks, analysis, criticism, etc.
- And more
The group is free and open to anybody with an interest in learning and growing by "diving deeper" (as Hawthorne once said of his conversations with Melville) into "time and eternity, things of this world and of the next, and books, and publishers, and all possible and impossible matters."
Regarding the name of the group:
"There is a wisdom that is woe; but there is a woe that is madness. And there is a Catskill eagle in some souls that can alike dive down into the blackest gorges, and soar out of them again and become invisible in the sunny spaces."
(Moby-Dick, 96)
"Though wisdom be wedded to woe, though the way thereto is by tears, yet all ends in a shout." (Mardi, 2.79)
"The intensest light of reason and revelation combined, can not shed such blazonings upon the deeper truths in man, as will sometimes proceed from his own profoundest gloom. Utter darkness is then his light.... Wherefore is it, that not to know Gloom and Grief is not to know aught that an heroic man should learn?" (Pierre, 9.3)
"Where now would you choose to dwell? / In the Paradise of the Fool, / Or in wise Solomon's hell?" ("A Spirit Appeared To Me")
"The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth." (Ecclesiastes 7:4)
Featured event
![[Series] Circuses and Snake Oil](https://secure.meetupstatic.com/photos/event/d/b/9/4/highres_522356212.jpeg)
[Series] Circuses and Snake Oil
NOTE: This page is intended as a thematic overview of the meetups in the series, but is not itself a meetup. To RSVP, please see the individual events as they are announced on the Wisdom and Woe calendar. This page will be updated regularly to reflect changes to the schedule.
Every day, we need to differentiate truth from lies--whether in the news, commercials, or conversation with friends--while hoaxes and hyperbole confound fantasy and reality in all areas of human endeavor. The field of medicine is particularly susceptible to exploitation, contending among theories natural, supernatural, and artificial; where the stakes are life and death, qualitative and quantitative; and an oft-tenuous orthodoxy staggers the line between knowledge and misinformation. In the 19th century, the showy peddlers of traveling medicine shows and traveling circuses were virtually indistinguishable.
And while Melville is best known for his writings on the hunters of whale oil, unduly neglected are his writings on the sellers of snake oil. In fact, Moby-Dick itself opens (and re-opens) with an image of disease, and acknowledges whale oil's medicinal history. It goes on to warn that the entire world (including "you, reader") is prey to usurpation and "fish stories" of all kinds, alleging "tricks of the stage" by sailors, preachers, prophets, and Fate itself. And Ishmael's "soul searching" is both figurative and literal--meditative and medical, psychological and Cetological--where the "objectifying gaze" of the anatomical (whale) theater mingles with deep introspection; while aboard the Pequod, notions of physical and mental health tumble topsy-turvy.
In a world abounding in con-men, carnival barkers, forgers, fraudsters, hoaxers, humbugs, quacks, and chameleons--with motivations fiscal, fanatical, and farcical--where truth sometimes "requires full as much bolstering as error"--this series asks: what can we know and who can we trust? How to heal body, mind, soul, and "madness maddened?"
Schedule:
- Freud and Philosophy - Paul Ricœur - 6/28
- The Melancholy of Resistance - László Krasznahorkai - 7/5, 7/12, 7/19
- [Movie] Werckmeister Harmonies - 7/26
- The Anatomy of Melancholy - Robert Burton - 8/2
- Hamlet - Shakespeare - 8/9
- Bartleby, the Scrivener - Herman Melville - 8/16
- Genoa: A Telling of Wonders - Paul Metcalf - 8/23, 8/30
- [Movie] Freaks - 9/6
- Chang and Eng - Darin Strauss - 9/13
- Religio Medici - Sir Thomas Browne - 9/20
- A Journal of the Plague Year - Daniel Defoe - 9/27, 10/4, 10/11
- The Stark Munro Letters - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle - 10/18, 10/25
- Tales of the Medical Abyss - Edgar Allan Poe - 11/1
- The Adventures of Roderick Random - Tobias Smollett - 11/8, 11/15, 11/29
- [Movie] The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser - 11/22
- The Sorrows of Young Werther - Goethe - 12/6
- Misery and Madness - Herman Melville - 12/13, 12/20
- Hydropathy; Or, The Cold Water Cure - R. T. Claridge - 12/27
- Elsie Venner - Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. - 1/3, 1/10, 1/17
- House Calls - Herman Melville - 1/24
- [Movie] Powder - 1/31
- Something Wicked This Way Comes - Ray Bradbury - 2/7
- [Movie] Take Shelter - 2/14
- The Covenant of Water - Abraham Verghese - 2/21, 2/28, 3/14, 3/28
- [Movie] The Road to Wellville - 3/7
- [Movie] The Elephant Man - 3/21
- The Confidence-Man - Herman Melville - 4/4, 4/11, 4/18
- The Illustrated Man - Ray Bradbury - 4/25, 5/2
- Doctor Dogbody's Leg - James Hall - 5/9, 5/16
- Phenomenology of Perception - Merleau-Ponty - 5/23
- The Autobiography of a Quack and the Case of George Dedlow - S. Weir Mitchell - 5/27 [Thu]
- The Yellow Wallpaper - Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 5/30
- Lincoln's Melancholy - Joshua Shenk - 6/6
- [Movie] Fitzcarraldo - 6/13
- The River of Doubt: Theodore Roosevelt's Darkest Journey - Candice Millard - 6/20
- [Movie] The Mad Whale - 6/27
- Hard Cash - Charles Reade - 7/4, 7/18, 7/25, 8/1
- [Movie] Suddenly, Last Summer - 7/11
- On the Nonexistence of Monomania - Jean-Pierre Falret - 8/5 [Thu]
- Ten Days in a Mad-House - Nellie Bly - 8/8
- Asylums - Erving Goffman - 8/15, 8/22
- [Movie] Bartleby - 8/29
- Madness and Civilization - Foucault - 9/5
- Nights at the Circus - Angela Carter - 9/12, 9/19, 9/26
- Benito Cereno - Herman Melville - 10/3
- The Underground Railroad - Colson Whitehead - 10/10, 10/17
- Organon of the Medical Art - Samuel Hahnemann - 10/24
- [Movie] A Cure for Wellness - 10/31
- The Circus of Dr. Lao - Charles G. Finney - 11/7
- Moby-Dick - Herman Melville - 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/5, 12/12, 12/19, 12/26, 1/2, 1/9
- [Movie] Wings of Desire - 1/16
- The Confessions - Saint Augustine - 1/23
- Confessions of an English Opium-Eater - De Quincy - 1/30
- Rambles in the Mammoth Cave - Alexander Clark Bullitt - 2/6
- Etidorhpa - John Uri Lloyd - 2/13, 2/20, 2/27
- Middlemarch - George Eliot - 3/5, 3/12, 3/19, 3/26, 4/2, 4/9, 4/16, 4/23
- Notes from the Underground - Dostoevsky - 4/30
- The Genealogy of Morals - Nietzsche - 5/7
- The Sickness Unto Death - Kierkegaard - 5/14, 5/21
- Walden - Henry David Thoreau - 5/28, 6/4, 6/11
- In Tune with the Infinite - Ralph Waldo Trine - 6/18
- [Movie] Persona - 6/25
- The Varieties of Religious Experience - William James - 7/2
- The Cruise of the Snark - Jack London - 7/9, 7/16
- The House of Pride, and Other Tales of Hawaii - Jack London - 7/23, 7/30
- The Plague - Camus - 8/6, 8/13
- Maladies of the Will - Jennifer L. Fleissner - 8/20
- Barnum's Own Story - P. T. Barnum - x1
- Human Circus - Herman Melville - x1
- The Apostles - Herman Melville - x1
- [Movie] Moby Dick - x1
- The Devil in the White City - Erik Larson - x2?
- American Chamber of Horrors - Ruth deForest Lamb - x1
- The Magic Mountain - Thomas Mann - x8
- Diary of a Madman - Gogol - x1 [Thu]
- Lunar Caustic - Malcolm Lowry - x1
- The Whalebone Theater - Joanna Quinn - x3
- [Movie] Hamlet - x1
- [Movie] Fanny and Alexander - x1
Supplemental:
Extracts:
- "The sovereignest thing on earth is parmacetti for an inward bruise." —King Henry. (Moby-Dick, Extracts)
- "Begone! You are all alike. The name of doctor, the dream of helper, condemns you. For years I have been but a gallipot for you experimentizers to rinse your experiments into, and now, in this livid skin, partake of the nature of my contents. Begone! I hate ye." (The Confidence-Man, 16)
- "But he who dodges hospitals and jails, and walks fast crossing graveyards... not that man is fitted to sit down on tomb-stones, and break the green damp mould with unfathomably wondrous Solomon." (Moby-Dick, 96)
- "What are the Rights of Man and the Liberties of the World but Loose-Fish? What all men’s minds and opinions but Loose-Fish? What is the principle of religious belief in them but a Loose-Fish? What to the ostentatious smuggling verbalists are the thoughts of thinkers but Loose-Fish? What is the great globe itself but a Loose-Fish? And what are you, reader, but a Loose-Fish and a Fast-Fish, too?" (Moby-Dick, 89)
- "... so much trash belonging to the worst school of Bedlam literature..." (1851 review of Moby-Dick)
Upcoming events
8

The Stark Munro Letters - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (week 2)
·OnlineOnlineJ. Stark Munro is a recent medical graduate: young, idealistic, and struggling to make ends meet. He enters into a partnership with Doctor James Cullingworth, a practitioner of unquestionable ingenuity and questionable ethics. Cullingworth employs sensationalism, publicity stunts, and unabashed "quackery" to retain an indiscriminate stream of "unhealthy, wealthy, and unwise" clientele.
Through a series of letters, Munro narrates his career struggles and coming-of-age. He contemplates Victorian societal conventions, medical ethics, philosophy, human nature, science, evolution, religion, and spirituality.
The Stark Munro Letters (1895) is one of Arthur Conan Doyle's most personal works: an epistolary novel of a doctor's formative years, semi-autobiographically recollecting Doyle's own origins as a physician before transitioning to full-time authorship. It was written as Doyle was transitioning (again) from producing massively successful Sherlock Holmes adventures to more "serious" literature, and transitioning from orthodox Christianity to spiritualism. The novel's critique of the late 19th century medical landscape articulates problematics of doctor-patient relationships, the era's moral and scientific limitations, and, in the colorful Cullingworth, features "one of the finest characters Dr. Doyle has yet drawn."
Schedule:
- Week 1 (Oct 18): Letters 1-8
- Week 2 (Oct 25): Letters 9-16
The Stark Munro Letters:
Supplemental:
- On Compulsory Vaccination Doyle's letter published 27 July 1887
Trivia:
- The Stark Munro Letters was finished at a sanatorium in the Swiss Alps (later made famous by Thomas Mann's The Magic Mountain) while his wife was being treated for tuberculosis. During his stay, Doyle pioneered the trend of Alpine skiing.
Extracts:
- "Now, our doctor was a serious old fellow, much given to metaphysics, and used to talk about original sin." (Redburn, 17)
- "A sick philosopher is incurable.... [b]ecause either he spurns his powder, or, if he take it, it proves a blank cartridge, though the same given to a rustic in like extremity, would act like a charm. I am no materialist; but the mind so acts upon the body, that if the one have no confidence, neither has the other." (Confidence-Man, 16)
- "Well knowing the enthusiasm of the Surgeon for all specimens of morbid anatomy, some of the ward-room officers used to play upon his credulity.... Once, when they had some sago pudding for dinner... they deposited it on the gun-room table, with a note, purporting to come from an eminent physician in Rio, connected with the Grand National Museum on the Praca d’ Acclamacao, begging leave to present the scientific Senhor Cuticle—with the donor’s compliments—an uncommonly fine specimen of a cancer." (White-Jacket, 61)
- "Connected with the sick-bay... was a regular apothecary’s shop.... displaying tiers of shelves on all four sides filled with green bottles and gallipots; beneath were multitudinous drawers bearing incomprehensible gilded inscriptions in abbreviated Latin.... And there you would see him, with a green shade over his eyes, seated on a stool, and pounding his pestle in a great iron mortar that looked like a howitzer, mixing some jallapy compound. A smoky lamp shed a flickering, yellow-fever tinge upon his pallid face and the closely-packed regiments of gallipots." (White-Jacket, 77)
- "Several times when I felt in need of a little medicine... without speaking a word, this cadaverous young man would mix me my potion in a tin cup, and hand it out through the little opening in his door, like the boxed-up treasurer giving you your change at the ticket-office of a theatre...." (White-Jacket, 77)
- "... is it not remarkable, to say the least, that a shore apothecary should actually charge you money—round dollars and cents—for giving you a horrible nausea? ....I always got sea-sick after taking medicine and going aloft with it. Seldom or never did it do me any lasting good." (White-Jacket, 77)
- "A miserable world! Who would take the trouble to make a fortune in it, when he knows not how long he can keep it, for the thousand villains and asses who have the management of railroads and steamboats, and innumerable other vital things in the world." ("Cock-a-doodle-doo!")
- "I mean, sir, the same ancient Catholic Church to which you and I, and Captain Peleg there, and Queequeg here, and all of us, and every mother’s son and soul of us belong; the great and everlasting First Congregation of this whole worshipping world; we all belong to that; only some of us cherish some queer crotchets no ways touching the grand belief; in that we all join hands." (Moby-Dick, 18)
- "Methinks that in looking at things spiritual, we are too much like oysters observing the sun through the water, and thinking that thick water the thinnest of air." (Moby-Dick, 7)
- "Flask, alas! was a butterless man!" (Moby-Dick, 34)
- "Now then, if you don’t want to share in the glory of my experiment; if you are wholly indifferent to halving its immortal renown; I say, sir, if you care not to be present at the first trial of my Great Hydraulic-Hydrostatic Apparatus for draining swamps and marshes... in that case, sir, you are free to land forthwith." ("The Happy Failure")
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
13 attendees
Tales of the Medical Abyss - Edgar Allan Poe
·OnlineOnlineEdgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) was a master of the macabre, a pioneer of detective fiction, and a key figure in Romanticism.
His writing is a chilling cocktail of meticulous logic and psychological chaos, often delving into the darkest corners of the medical abyss. As medicine evolved away from supernatural explanations, Poe translated the world's morbid anxiety into the new language of psychiatry (catalepsy, hyperesthesia, monomania, etc.) and exploited fears around vitalism, pain, disability, contagion, and distrust of doctors. From premature burials and preternatural resurrections, to scientific systems and anarchic hallucinations, his stories transgressed the boundaries between life and death, reason and madness.
For this meetup, we will read the following short stories from The Works of Edgar Allan Poe:
- [Volume 2]:
- Mesmeric Revelation
- The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar
- The Fall of the House of Usher
- The Premature Burial
- [Volume 3]: A Tale of the Ragged Mountains
- [Volume 4]: The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether
The Works of Edgar Allan Poe:
- Kindle: Volume 2, Volume 3, Volume 4
- Gutenberg (all volumes)
- Librivox: Volume 2, Volume 3, Volume 4 4h 09m
Supplemental:
- Tales of Terror (1962) includes adaptation of "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar"
- Two Evil Eyes (1990) movie adaptation of "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar"
- The Fall of the House of Usher (1960) movie adaptation
- The Fall of the House of Usher (2023) Netflix adaptation
- Crimson Peak (2015) loose movie adaption of "The Fall of the House of Usher"
- Stoneheart Asylum (2014) movie adaptation of "The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether"
Extracts:
- "With the measured step and calm collected air of an asylum-physician approaching in the public hall some patient beginning to show indications of a coming paroxysm, Claggart deliberately advanced within short range of Billy, and mesmerically looking him in the eye, briefly recapitulated the accusation." (Billy Budd, 17)
- "The first mesmeristic glance was one of serpent fascination; the last was as the paralyzing lurch of the torpedo fish." (Billy Budd, 19)
- "But, as sometimes men are coffined in a trance, being thereby mistaken for dead; so it is possible to bury a tranced grief in the soul, erroneously supposing that it hath no more vitality of suffering." (Pierre, 21.2)
- "In a side wall... they had an internal vacancy... exactly of the shape and average size of a coffin. In this place... inmates... were confined.... [I]f from the gloomy recesses of the wall was heard the agonized groan... [it] was regarded in the light of a penitent wail from the dead, because... the live body was sepulchred. Sometimes several weeks elapsed ere the disentombment, the penitent being then usually found numb and congealed in all his extremities, like one newly stricken with paralysis." (Israel Potter, 12)
- "I soon fell asleep; but waking suddenly, cramped in every joint from my constrained posture, I thought, for an instant, that I must have been prematurely screwed down in my coffin." (Omoo, 56)
- "Strange! that so many of those who would fain minister to our own health should look so much like invalids themselves." (White-Jacket, 77)
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
20 attendees
The Adventures of Roderick Random - Tobias Smollett (week 1)
·OnlineOnlineRoderick ("Rory") Random is a restless, rootless young rogue, bereft of social and financial support after his mother dies and his father is driven mad with grief. He subsists only on his skill, wit, charm, and (occasionally) unscrupulous behavior, trotting the globe as doctor, writer, soldier, or lover, as opportunity permits.
The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748) is a preeminent example of the picaresque, a pre-novelistic genre depicting a satirical "struggle of an individual against a hostile society." Roderick's energetic adventures and misadventures cut a sordid cross-section through the 18th century, portraying a "slapstick hell" of high society and criminal underworlds, corruption, imperialism, sex, and slavery.
Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) trained as a physician in Scotland, in the 18th century's global epicenter for medical education, and later became a surgeon in the Royal Navy. His work is famous for providing a candid "eyewitness" account of the reckless medicine, brutal discipline, criminal neglect, and horrendous press-gangs of the era. It invites direct comparison to Melville's White-Jacket and probably provided inspiration for that novel's character, Cadwallader Cuticle, M. D.
Schedule:
- Week 1 (Nov 8): Chapters 1-20
- Week 2 (Nov 15): Chapters 21-38
- Week 3 (Nov 29): Chapters 39-69
The Adventures of Roderick Random:
- Kindle
- Gutenberg
- Google books
- Librivox ~19h 9m
Extracts:
- "Sometimes we chatted, as well as we could, with the natives; and, one day—joy to us!—Po-Po brought in three volumes of Smollett’s novels, which had been found in the chest of a sailor, who some time previous had died on the island." (Omoo, 77)
- "... the sailor, who to-day steers the Hibernia or Unicorn steam-ship across the Atlantic, is a somewhat different man from the exaggerated sailors of Smollett..." (Redburn, 29)
- "These are the fellows that sing you 'The Bay of Biscay Oh!' and 'Here a sheer hulk lies poor Tom Bowling!' 'Cease, rude Boreas, blustering railer!'" (White-Jacket, 3)
- "Mark him, as he advances along the files of old ocean-warriors; mark his debased attitude, his deprecating gestures, his Sawney stare, like a Scotchman in London; his—"cry your merry, noble seignors!" He is wholly nonplussed, and confounded." (White-Jacket, 3)
- "But Cadwallader Cuticle, who, as yet, has been but incidentally alluded to, now deserves a chapter by himself." (White-Jacket, 60)
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
9 attendees
The Adventures of Roderick Random - Tobias Smollett (week 2)
·OnlineOnlineRoderick ("Rory") Random is a restless, rootless young rogue, bereft of social and financial support after his mother dies and his father is driven mad with grief. He subsists only on his skill, wit, charm, and (occasionally) unscrupulous behavior, trotting the globe as doctor, writer, soldier, or lover, as opportunity permits.
The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748) is a preeminent example of the picaresque, a pre-novelistic genre depicting a satirical "struggle of an individual against a hostile society." Roderick's energetic adventures and misadventures cut a sordid cross-section through the 18th century, portraying a "slapstick hell" of high society and criminal underworlds, corruption, imperialism, sex, and slavery.
Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) trained as a physician in Scotland, in the 18th century's global epicenter for medical education, and later became a surgeon in the Royal Navy. His work is famous for providing a candid "eyewitness" account of the reckless medicine, brutal discipline, criminal neglect, and horrendous press-gangs of the era. It invites direct comparison to Melville's White-Jacket and probably provided inspiration for that novel's character, Cadwallader Cuticle, M. D.
Schedule:
- Week 1 (Nov 8): Chapters 1-20
- Week 2 (Nov 15): Chapters 21-38
- Week 3 (Nov 29): Chapters 39-69
The Adventures of Roderick Random:
- Kindle
- Gutenberg
- Google books
- Librivox ~19h 9m
Extracts:
- "Sometimes we chatted, as well as we could, with the natives; and, one day—joy to us!—Po-Po brought in three volumes of Smollett’s novels, which had been found in the chest of a sailor, who some time previous had died on the island." (Omoo, 77)
- "... the sailor, who to-day steers the Hibernia or Unicorn steam-ship across the Atlantic, is a somewhat different man from the exaggerated sailors of Smollett..." (Redburn, 29)
- "These are the fellows that sing you 'The Bay of Biscay Oh!' and 'Here a sheer hulk lies poor Tom Bowling!' 'Cease, rude Boreas, blustering railer!'" (White-Jacket, 3)
- "Mark him, as he advances along the files of old ocean-warriors; mark his debased attitude, his deprecating gestures, his Sawney stare, like a Scotchman in London; his—"cry your merry, noble seignors!" He is wholly nonplussed, and confounded." (White-Jacket, 3)
- "But Cadwallader Cuticle, who, as yet, has been but incidentally alluded to, now deserves a chapter by himself." (White-Jacket, 60)
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
7 attendees
Past events
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